Norovirus is a super contagious virus that causes gastroenteritis, which is a fancy term for an upset stomach and inflamed intestines. It spreads easily through contact with sick people, contaminated food or water, or touching dirty surfaces. Here’s what you need to know.
The Impact of Norovirus in the US
Norovirus causes a big health burden in the United States each year, leading to:
- 19–21 million cases of vomiting and diarrhoea
- 109,000 hospitalisations for severe symptoms
- 2.3 million outpatient visits for milder cases
- 450,000 emergency visits, mostly involving young kids
- 900 deaths, mainly in adults over 65
Outbreaks can happen almost anywhere—schools, hospitals, restaurants, and daycare centres. While cruise ships are often linked to norovirus in the media, they actually account for only 1% of cases.
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Symptoms and How it Spreads
Norovirus symptoms can hit you out of nowhere and include:
- Stomach cramps
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
Symptoms usually last a few days. You can spread the virus as soon as you feel sick and for at least three days after recovering. Some people might still be contagious for up to two weeks after feeling better.
How to Prevent Norovirus
Stopping the spread of norovirus takes some effort. The best ways to protect yourself include:
- Wash your hands well with soap and water—especially after using the bathroom, changing diapers, and before eating or cooking.
- Avoid making food or caring for others when you’re sick.
- Wash fruits and vegetables properly before eating them.
- Cook shellfish thoroughly before serving.
- Clean and disinfect surfaces exposed to vomit or diarrhoea.
- While hand sanitisers can help, they don’t beat good old-fashioned soap and water when it comes to removing norovirus.
What to Do if You Get Sick
There’s no specific medicine or vaccine for norovirus. Antibiotics won’t help since it’s a virus, not a bacterial infection. The most important thing is to stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids. If your symptoms are severe, seek medical attention.
Currently, scientists are working on a vaccine, which could make a big difference in the future.
Norovirus is common, contagious, and unpleasant, but it’s manageable with the right precautions. Good hygiene, smart food handling, and staying away from others while sick can go a long way in keeping you and your community healthy.
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